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EADB
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EAPC
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Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council (established - 8 November
1991 / effective - 20 December 1991)
note - began as the North
Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC) ; an extension
of NATO
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WEB site -
http://www.fas.org/man/nato/natodocs/p97-066e.htm
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Aim - to discuss
cooperation on mutual political and security
issues.
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Members - (44) Albania, Armenia, Austria,
Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy,
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan
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EBRD
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European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development (established -
15 April 1991)
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WEB site -
http://www.ebrd.com/
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Aim - to facilitate the
transition of seven centrally planned economies in
Europe (Bulgaria, former Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
Poland, Romania, former USSR, and former
Yugoslavia) to market economies by committing 60%
of its loans to privatization.
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Members - (60) Albania, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, EU,
European Investment Bank (EIB), Estonia, Finland,
France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South
Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Morocco,
Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Tajikistan,Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan;
note - includes all 25 members of the
OECD ; also includes the EU as a single entity
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EC
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European Community or
European Communities (established - 8
April 1965)
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WEB site -
http://www.eurunion.org/
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Was established 8 April 1965 to integrate the
European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), the
European Coal and Steel Community (ESC), the
European Economic Community (EEC or Common Market),
and to establish a completely integrated common
market and an eventual federation of Europe; merged
into the European Union (EU) on 7 February 1992 ;
member states at the time of merger were Belgium,
Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK
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ECA
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Economic Commission for
Africa (established - 29 April 1958)
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WEB site - http://www.un.org/Depts/eca/
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Aim - to promote economic
development as a regional commission of the UN's
Economic and Social Council.
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Members - (55) Albania, Andorra, Armenia,
Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta,
Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan,
Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan,
Yugoslavia
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ECAFE
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Economic Commission for Asia and
the Far East
see (ESCAP) Economic and Social Commission for Asia and
the Pacific
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ECE
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Economic Commission for
Europe (established - 28 March 1947)
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WEB site -
http://www.unece.org/
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Aim - to promote economic
development as a regional commission of the UN's
Economic and Social Council
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Members - (53) Algeria, Angola, Benin,
Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the
Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho,
Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and
Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania,
Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Associate members - (2) France, UK
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ECLA
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Economic Commission for Latin
America
see (ECLAC) Economic Commission for Latin America and the
Caribbean
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ECLAC
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Economic Commission for
Latin America and the Caribbean
(established - 25 February
1948 as Economic Commission for Latin America
[ECLA])
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WEB site -
http://www.eclac.cl/
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Aim - to promote economic
development as a regional commission of the UN's
Economic and Social Council.
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Members - (41) Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia,
Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
France, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Italy, Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands,
Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, Spain, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago,
UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
Associate members - (7) Anguilla, Aruba,
British Virgin Islands, Montserrat, Netherlands
Antilles, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
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ECO
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Economic Cooperation
Organization (established - NA 1985)
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WEB site -
http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/decdo/eco.htm
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Aim - to promote regional
cooperation in trade, transportation,
communications, tourism, cultural affairs, and
economic development.
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Members - (10) Afghanistan, Azerbaijan,
Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan,
Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Associate members - (1) "Turkish Republic
of Northern Cyprus"
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ECOSOC
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Economic and Social
Council (established - 26 June 1945 / effective
- 24 October 1945)
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WEB site -
http://www.un.org/esa/coordination/ecosoc/
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Aim - to coordinate the
economic and social work of the UN ; includes five
regional commissions (see Economic Commission for
Africa, Economic Commission for Europe, Economic
Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean,
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the
Pacific, Economic and Social Commission for Western
Asia) and 10 functional commissions (see Commission
for Social Development, Commission on Human Rights,
Commission on Narcotic Drugs, Commission on the
Status of Women, Commission on Population and
Development, Statistical Commission, Commission on
Science and Technology for Development, Commission
on Sustainable Development, and Commission on Crime
Prevention and Criminal Justice)
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Members - (54) selected on a rotating
basis from all regions.
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ECOWAS
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Economic Community of
West African States (established - 28 May
1975)
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WEB site -
http://www.cedeao.org/
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Aim - to promote regional
economic cooperation.
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Members - (16) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape
Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger,
Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
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ECWA
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Economic Commission for Western
Asia
see (ESCWA) Economic and Social Commission for Western
Asia
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EFTA
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European Free Trade
Association (established - 4 January 1960 /
effective - 3 May 1960)
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WEB site - http://www.efta.int/structure/main/index.html
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Aim - to promote expansion
of free trade.
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Members - (4) Iceland, Liechtenstein,
Norway, Switzerland
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EIB
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European Investment
Bank (established - 25 March 1957 / effective -
1 January 1958)
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WEB site - http://www.eib.org/
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Aim - to promote economic
development of the EU and its predecessors, the EEC
and the EC.
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Members - (15) Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
UK
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EMU
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European Monetary Union
(proposed-7 February 1992)
note - an integral part of
the European Union
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WEB site -
http://www.stern.nyu.edu/~nroubini/Emu/Emu.htm
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Aim - to promote a single
market by creating a single currency, the euro ;
time table -2 May 1998 : European exchange rates
fixed for 1 January 1999 ; 1 January 1999 : all
banks and stock exchanges begin using euros ; 1
January 2002 : the euro goes into circulation; 1
July 2002 local currencies no longer accepted.
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Members - (11) Austria, Belgium, Finland,
France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Portugal, Spain
note - Denmark, Sweden, and UK decided not to
join, and Greece did not meet all the criteria to
take part
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Entente
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Council of the Entente
(established - 6 June 1967 / effective - 1
December 1967)
|
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WEB site -
http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/decdo/entente.htm
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Aim - to promote economic,
social, and political coordination.
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Members - (5) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote
d'Ivoire, Niger, Togo
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ESA
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European Space Agency
(established - 31 July 1973 / effective - 1 May
1975)
|
|
WEB site -
http://www.esrin.esa.it/
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Aim - to promote peaceful
cooperation in space research and technology.
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Members - (14) Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy,
Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
UK
Cooperating state - (1) Canada
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ESCAP
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Economic and Social
Commission for Asia and the Pacific
(established - 28
March 1947 as Economic Commission for Asia and the
Far East [ECAFE])
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WEB site -
http://www.escap-hrd.org/
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Aim - to carry out the
commitment of the Economic and Social Council of
the UN to promote economic development.
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Members - (51) Afghanistan, Armenia,
Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei,
Burma, Cambodia, China, Fiji, France, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, North
Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia,
Maldives, Marshall Islands, Federated States of
Micronesia, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands,
NZ, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines,
Russia, Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri
Lanka, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tonga, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Vietnam
Associate members - (9) American Samoa,
Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Guam, Hong Kong,
Macau, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana
Islands
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ESCWA
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Economic and Social
Commission for Western Asia
(established - 9 August
1973 as Economic Commission for Western Asia
[ECWA])
|
|
WEB site -
http://www.escwa.org.lb/escwa/region/index.html
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|
Aim - to promote economic
development as a regional commission for the UN's
Economic and Social Council.
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Members - (12 plus the Palestine
Liberation Organization) Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq,
Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
Syria, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation
Organization
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EU
|
|
European Union
(established - 7 February 1992 / effective - 1
November 1993)
note - evolved from the
European Community (EC)
|
|
WEB site -
http://europa.eu.int/
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|
Aim - to coordinate policy
among the 15 members in three fields : economics,
building on the European Economic Community's (EEC)
efforts to establish a common market and eventually
a common currency to be called the 'euro', which
will supercede the EU's accounting unit, the ECU ;
defense, within the concept of a Common Foreign and
Security Policy (CFSP) ; and justice and home
affairs, including immigration, drugs, terrorism,
and improved living and working conditions.
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Members - (15) Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
UK
Candidat members - (12) Albania,
Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary,
Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania,
Slovakia
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